乡村教师生活补助政策评估与优化——基于东中西部8省8县的调查分析

Evaluation and Optimization of Rural Teachers’ Subsistence Allowance Policy——Based on the Survey of 8 Counties in 8 Provinces of the Eastern,Central and Western Regions

基于"事实-价值"的政策评估理论框架,对东中西部8省8县乡村教师生活补助政策评估发现,政策在事实性层面上取得显著成效:生活补助标准逐年提升、政策覆盖范围持续扩大、逆差序化待遇格局初步形成。从价值层面来看,部分相关主体的利益诉求难以得到充分满足,表现为政策目标群体尚未纳入全部边远艰苦地区乡村教师;省级财政统筹缺位致使部分地区补助标准仍然偏低;地方政府在政策执行中存在偏差,阻碍乡村教师的实际获得感提升。为了进一步优化乡村教师生活补助政策,应制定科学化生活补助实施方案,建立财政投入的激励约束机制,完善动态化生活补助监管机制。

Based on the theoretical framework of policy evaluation of the factual level and the value level,the evaluation of the implementation of the rural teachers’subsistence allowance in eight provinces and eight counties in the eastern,central and western regions reveals that the policy achieves remarkable results on the factual level:the policy coverage continues to expand,and the pattern of deficit ordering is initially formed.From the perspective of the value level,the interests of some policy-related entities have not been fully satisfied,the performance is as follows:the policy target group has not taken in all rural teachers in remote and hard areas;the lack of provincial financial coordination leds to the low subsidy standards in some regions;the policy implementation deviation of local government hinders the actual acquisition of rural teachers.In order to further optimize the subsistence allowance policy,a scientific implementation plan should be formulated,an incentive and restraint mechanism for financial input should be established,and a dynamic supervision mechanism should be improved.