两种新型调压室的设计及试验论证

Design and experimental argumentation for two new types of surge chambers

调压室是保证水力发电运行稳定性及供电质量的常用解决方案。以差动式及阻抗式调压室为对比对象,设计了瓣膜隔离强冲击式及涌波发电掺气耗能式两种水能自耗式调压室,侧重优化了传统调压室的消能方式,一方面通过减小调压室水位波动振幅而降低其工程造价,另一方面通过加速调压室水位波动衰减而更好地保证水电站的供电质量。通过一系列的模型试验对两种调压室的技术可行性进行了论证。结果表明:瓣膜隔离强冲击式调压室在技术上可行,各方面性能较好,可像差动式调压室一样适用于中高水头的水电站;涌波发电掺气耗能式调压室在控制涌波高度及波动衰减时长上有一定的效果,可作为传统阻抗式调压室的技术改进方案。

Surge chamber is a common solution to ensure the stability of operation and power supply quality of hydroelectric power.Taking the differential surge chamber and the impedance surge chamber as the contrastive objects,two kinds of water energy self regulating surge chambers were designed innovatively in this study,one was the type of strong impact valve isolation and another was the type of surge power generation and energy consumption with aeration.These two surge chambers focus on optimizing the energy dissipation mode of traditional surge chambers.On the one hand,the project cost can be reduced by reducing the fluctuation amplitude of surge tank water level.On the other hand,the power supply quality of hydropower station can be better guaranteed by accelerating the attenuation of surge tank water level fluctuation.By a serious model tests,the technical feasibility of the two surge chambers was demonstrated.The conclusions were as follows:the surge chamber of valve isolation and strong impact was technically feasible and had good performance in all aspects,it could be used to the hydropower stations with medium and high water head like differential surge chamber.The surge chamber of surge power generation and energy consumption with aeration had some effects on controlling the height of the surge wave and the attenuation time of the wave,and it can be used as a technical improvement plan for traditional impedance surge chamber.