中国西北地区日参考作物腾发量模型适用性评价

Applicability evaluation of daily reference crop evapotranspiration models in Northwest China

为推荐适宜中国西北地区参考作物腾发量(ET 0)简化计算模型,应用9个代表性站点近50 a逐日气象资料,以FAO-56 Penman-Monteith(PM)模型计算的ET 0为标准值,选取5种基于综合法的Kimberly Penman(K-P),FAO 1979 Penman(PM 17),FAO 24 Penman(PM 24),FAO 1948 Penman(PM 48),FAO 79 Penman(PM 79)模型,3种基于温度法的Hargreaves-Samani(H-S),Mc Cloud(M-C),Hargreaves(Har)模型,5种基于辐射法的Priestley-Taylor-1(PT-1),Priestley-Taylor-2(PT-2),FAO-24 Radiation(FAO-Ra),Makkink(Mak),Irmark-Allen(I-A),Irmark(Irm)模型,对其在西北地区ET 0进行适用性评价.结果表明:14种模型在中国西北地区计算精度差异明显.全区模拟精度最高的PM 48(综合法),H-S(温度法),PT-1(辐射法)模型的平均R 2,MAE,RMSE和nRMSE分别为0.978,0.767 3 mm/d,0.842 3 mm/d和25.622%;0.735,0.920 0 mm/d,1.187 0 mm/d和36.556%;0.736,1.392 0 mm/d,1.826 0 mm/d和57.992%.

In order to recommend a simplified calculation model suitable for the reference crop evapotranspiration(ET 0)in Northwest China,the weather data of nearly 50 a per day for 9 representative stations were applied,and the ET 0 calculated by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith(PM)model was used as the standard value.Based on the comprehensive method of Kimberly Penman(K-P),FAO 1979 Penman(PM 17),FAO 24 Penman(PM 24),FAO 1948 Penman(PM 48)and FAO 79 Penman(PM 79)models,three temperature-based methods Hargreaves-Samani(H-S),Mc Cloud(M-C)and Hargreaves(Har)model and 5 Priestley-Taylor-1(PT-1)based on radiation method,Priestley-Taylor-2(PT-2),FAO-24 Radiation(FAO-Ra),Makkink(Mak),Irmark-Allen(I-A)and Irmark(Irm)models were evaluated for applicability in the northwest region ET 0.The results show that the calculation accuracy of 14 models in Northwest China is obvious.The average R 2,MAE,RMSE and nRMSE with the highest simulation accuracy in the whole region are 0.978,0.767 3 mm/d,0.842 3 mm/d and 25.622%by model PM 48(comprehensive method),0.735,0.920 mm/d,1.187 mm/d and 36.556%by model H-S(temperature method),0.736,1.392 mm/d,1.826 mm/d and 57.992%by model PT-1(radiation method),respectively.