杨凌示范区奶牛牛群改良示范牛场提质增效分析

Analysis on the Countermeasure of Improving Quality and Efficiency of DHI in Demonstration Cattle Farm in Yang ling District

奶牛生产性能测定在奶牛业的理论研究和实际生产中都具有十分重要的意义。为了解DHI工作在杨凌区取得的效果并发现其不足之处,进一步提高奶牛场的经济效益。本文调查了陕西杨凌示范区参与DHI的牛场泌乳牛只的胎次及乳成分。结果显示2014年至2017年杨凌示范区牛场奶牛的日均产奶量在稳步提升,但高产牛较少且日均产奶量还是较低。乳蛋白和乳脂肪也有一定程度的提升并且处在理想水平,体细胞数也在逐年下降;但夏、秋两季体细胞数较高,奶牛高峰日推迟,高峰期持续时间短,饲养管理不够精细,牛舍卫生状况较差,并提出了相应的对策。

The determination of dairy cow performance isof great significance in the theoretical research and actual production of the dairy industry.In order to understand the effectsof DHI'swork in Yang ling District and discover its shortcomings, the economic benefitsof dairy farmswill be further improved.Thispaper investigatesthe parity and milk composition of dairy cattle in cattle farmsparticipating in DHI in Yang ling District, shaanxi Province.The resultsshow that from 2014 to 2017, the daily average milk yield of dairy cowsin Yang ling District issteadily increasing, but the number of high-yielding cattle issmall and the average daily milk production isstill low.Milk protein and milk fat also have a certain degree of improvement and are at an ideal level, and the number of somatic cellsisalso decreasing year by year;however, the number of somatic cellsishigher in summer and autumn, the peak of dairy cowsisdelayed, the peak period isshort, and feeding management isnot enough.Fine, the sanitary condition of the cow house ispoor, and the corresponding countermeasuresare proposed.