高台县新坝镇小麦及玉米品种种植现状调查

Investigation and Evaluation of Cultivars Situation Under Wheat and Corn in Gaotai County of Gansu Province

实地调查了高台县新坝镇暖泉村、新沟村、下坝村、照中村、照一村等5个村2017年的小麦、玉米种植情况。结果表明,农户对作物的品种重视程度不够,调查样本中46%的农户种植的小麦品种为自留种;37%的农户种植的小麦品种为2014;7%的农户选择种植小麦品种永良18号;甘春20号、陇春26号、陇春13号的种植比例仅占2%~4%。从对玉米的品种调查情况看,75%的农户种植制种玉米,19%的农户种植先玉335,且该品种集中在暖泉村和照中村,金穗10号、金穗3号、利合16等3个品种的种植比例仅占2%~3%。另外水资源、劳动力、农资、政策补贴等因素均对小麦、玉米生产的发展有影响,提高良种推广和政策补贴水平对保障粮食产量稳步提高意义重大。

The field investigation has carried out on the conditions of wheat and corn in the village of Nuanquan,Xingou,Xiaba,Zhaozhong and Zhaoyi in Gaotai County in 2017.The results showed that the farmers have not paid enough attention to the variety of the crops,46%of the wheat cultivars in the survey sample are of self-retaining species,37%of the wheat cultivars planted are 2014,and 7%of the farmers choose to grow the wheat variety Yongliang 18.The planting proportion of Longchun 13,Ganchun 20 and Longchun 26 is only 2%~4%.According to the investigation of corn cultivars,75%of farmers planted corn for seed and 19%of farmers planted Xianyu 335,and the species concentration in the Nuanquan and Zhaozhong.The Jinsui10,Jinsui 3 and Lihe16 was planting proportion only 2%~3%.In addition,the factors such as water resources,labor force,agricultural materials and policy subsidies have an impact on the development of wheat and corn production,and the improvement of the level of seed promotion and policy subsidy is of great significance for guaranteeing the steady increase of grain output.