我市社区脑卒中筛查及其危险因素研究

Study on Stroke Screening and Its Risk Factors in Community of Our City

目的探讨鹤壁市社区脑卒中筛查及其危险因素,了解高危人群情况,以便为制定有效的脑卒中防治措施提供依据,以降低脑卒中的发病率。方法选取2015年1月-2018年1月,采用多阶段随机抽样法抽取本市6250名居民开展调查研究,经问卷调查及常规检查,筛查出脑卒中高危人群,进一步完成实验室与颈部血管超声检查,并行统计学分析。结果本研究共调查6250名居民,筛查出高危人群1152例,检出率为18.43%。其中高血压是其主要危险因素,占65.02%,年龄主要分布于40~69岁,其中以60~69岁所占比例最高,脑卒中高危人群年龄分布比较差异明显(χ^2=73.227,P=0.000)。颈部血管超声检查427例,占37.07%。结论对脑卒中高危人群重点筛查,明确其高危因素,并做好合理控制,加强自我管理教育,对降低脑卒中发生意义重大。

Objective To explore the main risk factors of stroke in high-risk population in our city, and to provide theoretical reference for prevention and treatment of stroke, so as to reduce the incidence of stroke. Methods 6250 residents of patients from January 2015 to January 2018 were selected by multi-stage random sampling. Questionnaire survey and routine examination were carried out on the selected subjects. Corresponding laboratory examination and neck vascular ultrasound examination were carried out on the high-risk population of stroke, and statistical analysis was carried out. Results A total of 6,250 residents were investigated and 1,152 high-risk groups were screened out, with a detection rate of 18.43%. Hypertension is the main risk factor, accounting for 65.02%, and the age distribution is mainly between 40 and 69 years old, with 60 to 69 years old accounting for the highest proportion. The age distribution of stroke high-risk groups is significantly different (χ^2=73.227, P =0.000). 427 cases (37.07%) were examined by cervical vascular ultrasound. Conclusion Reasonable control of high-risk factors and strengthening self-management education are of great value to reduce the occurrence of stroke.