日本中世神国思想的历史演变

The Historical Evolution of the Shinkoku Thought in Medieval Japan

在近现代,神国思想始终与日本的民族主义密切相关。然而,究其本源,日本的神国思想实质上是基于《记纪》神话、以神祇与国家认识为核心的一种宗教思想。其中,佛教与神道在日本神国思想的发展历程中发挥了决定性作用,尤其是13世纪末元军两次入侵日本失败后,随着伊势神道等中世神道思想的发展,神国思想的民族主义倾向逐步抬头。其结果是,自我优越的神祇意识、自大的国家认识不仅催生了盲目的对外意识,甚至还成为了日本发动对外侵略战争的合理依据。

In modern times,Shinkoku thought has always been closely related to the nationalism of Japan.But Shinkoku thought is actually a kind of religious thought based on the myths of“Kiki”and the knowledge of god and country.Buddhism and Shinto played decisive roles in the development of Shinkoku thought.Especially after the failure of the invasions from Yuan dynasty in late 13th century,the nationalism trend of Shinkoku thought began to emerge.As a result,self-superiority in the knowledge of god and country not only gave birth to a blind external consciousness,but also led Japan to many aggressive wars.