左心耳的结构功能及无创评估方法的研究进展

Left Atrial Appendage’s Anatomy,Function and Noninvasive Evaluation Methods

心房颤动是临床上最常见的快速性心律失常,其最严重的并发症脑卒中有很高的致残率和致死率。研究发现,90%以上的心源性血栓来源于左心耳,因此在评估心房颤动患者血栓栓塞风险时,应密切关注左心耳。目前左心耳封堵术已成为脑卒中高危心房颤动患者的重要治疗方法。然而,左心耳结构复杂,个体间存在相当大的形态学变异,将左心耳封堵术推广到所有患者有一定的挑战,因此了解左心耳的基本特征有重要的临床意义。现对左心耳的结构、功能及无创评估方法的研究进展进行综述。

Atrial fibrillation is the most common clinically cardiac arrhythmia whose most serious complication is stroke, leading to a high disability and mortality rate. In patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, 90% of thrombus are located in the left atrial appendage(LAA). Thus, the attention should be given to the LAA when evaluating patients with atrial fibrillation for determining the risk for cardioembolic complications. At present, LAA occlusion has become an important treatment method for patients with atrial fibrillation who are at high risk of stroke. However, the appendage is structurally complex and has morphological variations among individuals, and it is a challenge to generalize the device for all patients. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to understand the basic features of the LAA. In this review, we present the current research advances in the study of LAA’s anatomy, function and noninvasive evaluation methods.