易损斑块的影像学检查新进展

Imaging Examination of Vulnerable Plaques

动脉粥样硬化易损斑块是一种具有不稳定性并且易形成血栓的血管内病变。它具有特征性的病理组织:薄纤维帽、脂质核心以及炎症细胞聚集等,是造成心脑血管意外的重要原因。传统的检查手段在鉴别斑块的性质、病理组成等方面有所不足。早期识别斑块是否具有易损性对于患者心血管不良事件的预防和治疗评价等方面具有重要意义。近年来,各种新兴检查技术的发展使易损斑块的识别具有可能。现基于易损斑块的病理学特点对各类影像学检查的新进展进行阐述。

Atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque is an unstable and thrombotic vascular disease. Its characteristic pathological tissues, such as thin fibrous cap, lipid core and aggregation of inflammatory cells, are the main causes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. Traditional examination methods have some deficiencies in identifying the nature and pathological composition of plaques. Early identification of plaque vulnerability is important for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular adverse events. In recent years, the development of various new inspection technologies makes it possible to identify vulnerable plaques. Based on the pathological characteristics of vulnerable plaques, the new progress of various imaging examinations will be described.