弘一法师应对社会批判佛教的策略——以朱子的批判为中心

The Research on Master HongYi’s Strategies for Social Criticism of Buddhism——Focusing on Zhu zi’s Criticism

以朱子为代表的理学家批评佛教自利、灭绝人伦及迳求上达、不务下学,这实属理学家对佛教的误解,却深刻影响了后世社会对佛教的看法,加深了世俗社会对佛教的误解。面对上述情况,弘一法师主要从佛教徒利他精神、佛教教义与佛法内涵入手解开世俗社会的误解,具体有三方面:一是从佛教徒的利他精神入手,破解佛教徒自利的误解;二是从佛教教义对社会伦理、婚姻等的规定入手,扫清社会对佛教灭绝人伦的误解;三是从佛法对空与不空的观念的真实内涵入手,再结合佛法注重实践的特征和具体劳作的内容,拨开社会误解佛教迳求上达、不务下学的疑云。

Neo-Confucianism represented by Zhu Zi criticized Buddhism for its self-interest, extinction of human relations and its pursuit of the highest attainment and neglect of concrete practice. It is a misunderstanding of Buddhism by Neo-Confucianists, but it has deeply influenced the views of later generations on Buddhism and deepened the misunderstanding of Buddhism in secular society. Facing the above situation, Master Hongyi mainly started with Buddhist altruistic spirit, Buddhist doctrine and Buddhist connotation to solve the misunderstanding of secular society. There are three specific aspects as follows: the first is that he sets about the altruistic spirit of Buddhists to solve the misunderstanding of Buddhists’ self-interest. The second is that he sets about the stipulation of Buddhist doctrine on social ethics and marriage to clear up the misunderstanding of extinction of human relations by Buddhism in society. The third is that he starts with the true connotation of Buddhist law’s concept of emptiness and non-emptiness, and combining with the characteristics of Buddhist law’s emphasis on practice and the content of specific work to clear up the social misunderstanding of Buddhism’s questioning that the Buddhist pursue the highest attainment and neglect of concrete practice.