堆肥过程逸散抗生素耐药菌气溶胶的浓度及粒径分布特征

Characteristics of antibiotic-resistant bioaerosols during composting

利用FA-I撞击式采样器采集5家堆肥厂内外生物气溶胶样本,对具有抗生素耐药性的细菌气溶胶浓度和粒径分布进行检测,并对其随传播距离的变化规律加以分析。结果表明:堆肥生产区细菌气溶胶浓度高达2.65×10^4 CFU·m^-3。具有四环素和红霉素耐药性的气溶胶分别达到9.54×10^3 CFU·m^-3和7.39×10^3 CFU·m^-3,占总细菌的36.44%和40.20%。以上3种生物气溶胶在细颗粒物中的相对丰度为13.04%~37.23%,且该丰度随逸散距离的增加而呈现下降趋势。红霉素和四环素耐药菌动力学粒径研究结果显示,两种耐药菌可能主要沉降在人体的咽喉部。

In this study,an FA-I impact sampler was used to collect bioaerosols emitted from composting facilities and the surrounding environment.We detected the concentration and size distribution of antibiotic-resistant bioaerosols,and analyzed their variation with transmission distance.The results indicated that the concentration of bioaerosols in the composting area reached 2.65×10^4 CFU·m^-3.The concentrations of tetracycline-resistant and erythromycin-resistant bioaerosols were 9.54×10^3 CFU·m^-3 and 7.39×10^3 CFU·m^-3,respectively.The corresponding ratio of the two antibiotic-resistant bioaerosols accounted for 36.44%and 40.20%of the total bioaerosols,respectively.This ratio decreased with the emitting distance.Based on the results of aerodynamic size,the two antibiotic-resistant bioaerosols would be deposited in the anterior nasal region in the human body.The results of this study provide reference data for evaluating the health risks and environmental pollution of bioaerosols during composting.