添加不同水平的发酵棉粕对科宝肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Different Levels of Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Cobb Broilers

本试验旨在研究不同水平发酵棉粕替代豆粕对科宝肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清生化指标的影响。选取240只1日龄科宝肉鸡,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,不添加发酵棉粕;试验组分别添加3%、6%、9%发酵棉粕代替豆粕。试验共分生长前期(1~21d)和生长后期(21~42d)2个阶段进行,每个阶段开始和结束时对肉鸡称重,采集血液样品,测定各阶段肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标。结果表明:①与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡1~21d的料重比(F/G)均显著降低(P<0.05);9%发酵棉粕组肉鸡21~42d平均日采食量(ADFI)显著降低(P<0.05);②与对照组相比,各阶段试验组肉鸡半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率均升高,皮下脂肪厚度显著降低(P<0.05),其中6%组42d的胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于对照组和9%发酵棉粕组(P<0.05);试验组42日龄肉鸡屠体率升高,其中3%和6%发酵棉粕组与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);③21d时,试验组肉鸡血清甘油三酯(TG)、葡萄糖(GLU)含量均较对照组降低,而血清总蛋白(TP)含量升高,其中6%发酵棉粕组效果最好;且42d试验组血清钙(Ca)含量增加。综上所述,日粮中添加适量发酵棉粕可一定程度上改善科宝肉鸡生长性能,提高屠宰性能,降低血清中的TG和GLU含量,增加血清TP及Ca含量。

The study was conducted to examine the effects of replacement of soybean meal with fermented cottonseed meal(FCM) at different levels on growth performance,slaughter performance,and serum biochemical indexes of Cobb broilers.240 one-day-old male Cobb broilers were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates per group and 10 chicks per replicate.Chicks in control group were fed basic diet without FCM,while that in experimental groups were fed experimental diets with 3%,6% and 9% FCM replacing soybean meal,respectively.The experiment was carried out in two stages:The early growth stage(1-21 d) and the late growth stage(21-42 d).At the beginning and end of each stage,the broilers were weighed and blood samples were collected,and the growth performance,slaughter performance and serum biochemical indexes of broilers at each stage were measured.The results showed that:①Compared with control group,the F/G of 1 to 21 d in experimental group significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the ADFI of 21 to 42 d in 9% FCM group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).②Compared with control group,the percentages of half-eviscerated yield,breast muscle and leg muscle at two stages were increased and subcutaneous fat thickness were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The chest and leg muscle percentages of 6% FCM group were significantly higher than those of the control group and 9% FCM group on 42 d(P<0.05).The dressing percentage of experimental group increased on 42 d and the differences between the 3% and 6% FCM groups and the control group were significant(P<0.05).③ At 21 days of age,the concentration of serum TG and GLU in experimental groups were decreased comparing with that in control group,while TP content had the converse trend,and the 6% group had the best effect.At 42 days of age,the concentration of serum Ca in experimental groups were increased.In conclusion,adding appropriate amount of FCM in diet could improve the growth performance and slaughter performance of Cobb broilers,reduce the contents of serum TG and GLU,and increase the contents of serum TP and Ca to some extent.