空间管桁架结构健康监测传感器布置优化分析

Optimization Analysis of Sensor Layout for Structural Health Monitoring of Spatial Tube Truss

以临夏体育场空间管桁架罩棚为研究对象,基于小扰动分析方法与承载能力分析方法找出结构的关键杆件,通过对管桁架罩棚结构有限元模型各阶模态进行分析来了解动力作用下的结构响应。结合所选关键杆件确定传感器布置最优方案,包括传感器的种类、数量及位置。对管桁架罩棚结构整体与局部细部实体模型进行有限元分析,将管桁架有限元实体模型进行局部吊装、整体卸载等全过程模拟分析,同时将优化的承载能力分析方法应用于体育场空间管桁架罩棚健康监测,并对比有限元模拟结果和实际监测结果。结果表明:现场安装传感器时定位偏差越小,各阶段实测数据与模拟值吻合越好;传感器种类、数量、位置及安装精度都会直接影响数据分析的逻辑性,且对后续准确评价结构安全性起决定作用;承载能力分析方法结合结构动力学传感器布置方法比单一小扰动分析方法更为高效快捷,能准确预警空间杆件可能损伤的位置,从而进行结构安全性评价。

Taking the space pipe truss roof of Linxia Stadium as the study object,the key members of the structure were found by small disturbance analysis method and load-carrying capacity analysis method.The structural response of the pipe truss roof structure under dynamic action was obtained by finite element analysis on model modality.The optimal sensor layout scheme was determined by combining the selected key members,including the type,number and location of sensors.The finite element analysis on the whole and local detail solid models of pipe truss roof structure was carried out.The whole process of local hoisting and overall unloading was simulated and analyzed by finite element solid model of pipe truss.At the same time,the optimum bearing capacity analysis method was applied to health monitoring of space pipe truss roof in stadium.The results of finite element simulation and actual monitoring were compared.The results show that the smaller the positioning deviation is,the better the coincidence between the measured data and the simulated values is.The type,quantity,location and installation accuracy of sensors will directly affect the logic of data analysis,and play a decisive role in the subsequent accurate evaluation of structural safety.The load-carrying capacity analysis method combined with structural dynamics sensor placement method is better than a single small disturbance score.The analysis method is more efficient and fast,and can accurately predict the possible damage location of space members,so as to carry out structural safety evaluation.