信用支付下基于收益共享契约的网购供应链协调策略研究

Online Supply Chain Coordination of Credit pay and Revenue Sharing Contract

信用支付在网购交易中成为了日益重要的支付方式,考虑网络零售商能否在规定的免息期内支付货款两种情形,针对实际延迟支付时间影响网络零售商订货量问题,建立当网络零售商面临不确定的市场需求时的网购供应链决策模型,运用逆向归纳法分析供应商、网络零售商对相关参数的决策并设计收益共享契约实现网购供应链的协调。结果表明:网络零售商的订购量不会随着网络零售商实际支付时间的无限延长而持续增加,只有在供应商规定的免息期内,信用支付策略才会对订购量具有激励作用;两种情形下只要收益共享系数满足一定条件都能够实现网购供应链的协调。最后利用数值算例对上述结论进行了验证。

In order to analyze the impact of free credit pay on online supply chain, this paper studies a supply chain consisting of a supplier and an online retailer under e- commerce . The supplier provides a free credit term for the online retailer. Then the credit term would have an impact on retailer’s order quantity. But the retailer may have two different choices to pay for the product he orders. The first choice is to pay before the credit term and the second is to pay beyond the credit term although the retailer should pay extra fee for the expected payment. Under two different conditions, then we separately compare the models of decentralized decision and centralized decision and conclude that the system cannot achieve the optimal order quantity. So a model of revenue -sharing contract is designed to improve the order quantity of the retailer based on credit pay.And the optimized order quantity based on the contract is given. It is concluded that the optimal order quantity increases with the delay time of payment but it is not the case when the actual time of paying exceeds the free credit term. Furthermore , a revenue-sharing mechanism based on the model for distributing the profit and improving the operational performance of entire supply chain is analyzed. Finally we develop a detailed numerical example to illustrate the model and some meaningful management implications.