湖南小溪国家级自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性与区系特征

Species Diversity and Faunal Characteristics of Amphibians and Reptiles in the Xiaoxi National Nature Reserve, Hunan

本底资源是保护区建设与发展的基础,也是生物多样性深入研究与保护重要的参考资料。湖南小溪国家级自然保护区是我国中南地区具有代表性的原始次生林区,生物资源相对丰富。自2014年以来,对区内的两栖爬行动物资源、多样性及区系进行了较为系统的调查与研究。结果表明:区内现有两栖爬行动物2目16科40属63种,其中两栖动物1目7科15属33种,爬行动物1目9科25属30种;无声囊泛树蛙Polypedates mutus和老山树蛙Rhacophorus laoshan是湖南省两栖动物新记录;核心区的物种多样性指数和均匀度指数均高于缓冲区和实验区;动物区系成分缺乏古北界种类,以东洋界种类为主(48种,占76.2%),广布种有15种(23.8%);平均动物区系相似性比较发现,其与湖南省内其他6个保护区(森林公园)属于周缘关系。鉴于保护区两栖爬行动物资源的丰富性、典型性与代表性,应加强研究和保护。

Background resources are a solid foundation of reserve construction and development,and also an important reference for further research and pratical conservation of biodiversity.Xiaoxi National Nature Reserve is a representative of primary secondary forest in central-south China.Since 2014,we had conducted systematic investigation and analysis on the resources,diversity and fauna of amphibians and reptiles in the reserve.The results indicated that there were 63 species of amphibians and reptiles belonging to 40 genera,16 families and 2 orders.Among all the individuals observed,there were 33 amphibian species belonging to 15 genera,7 families and 1 order,and 30 reptile species belonged to 25 genera,9 families and 1 order.Notably,Polypedates mutus and Rhacophorus laoshan were 2 new records of amphibians in Hunan province.The species diversity and evenness indices in the core area were higher than those in the buffer and experimental areas of the reserve.The faunal components of the reserve were dominated by the Oriental species(48 species,76.2%),and the rest were widespread species(15 species,23.8%).No Palearctic species was found.Compared by average faunal resemblance(AFR)with the other 6 reserves(forest parks)in Hunan province,Xiaoxi National Nature Reserve had a peripheral relationship(AFR:40%-59%)with any of them.In view of abundance,typicality and representativeness of amphibian and reptile resources,further research and practical conservation should be strengthened.