直流无刷电机霍尔位置传感器电磁干扰机理与试验研究

Electromagnetic Interference Mechanism and Experimental Research on Brushless DC Motor Hall Position Sensor

直流无刷电机在工业中应用广泛,其采用电子换相装置,具有维修费用低、寿命长、效率高和安全性好的特点,直流无刷电机主要的电子换向装置是霍尔式转速传感器。霍尔位置传感器由于其体积轻巧、使用方便已经成为直流无刷电机配备的主要传感器,可实现电机转动位置的测量,进而控制电机的换向。针对霍尔位置传感器工作时易受到电机绕组产生的电磁场干扰的问题,通过对霍尔传感器空间安装位置和绕组相电流的对比试验,研究不同磁场强度下,霍尔传感器转动位置测量的偏差,以及对换向时序的影响,找出影响直流无刷电机工作的因素为霍尔传感器安装位置和相电流控制,并根据试验结果提出减少干扰的方法,从而防止电机换向时由于干扰导致时序紊乱而引发的电机失控现象。

The brushless DC motor was widely applied in industry,which used electronic commutation equipment and had the characteristics of low maintenance cost,long service life,high efficiency,good safety.The main electronic commutation device of brushless DC motor was Hall speed sensor.Hall position sensor was the main sensor of brushless DC motor because of its compact construction and convenient usage.It can measure the rotation position of the motor and control the commutation of the motor.Aimed at the problem of the Hall position sensor was disturbed by the electromagnetic field caused by the motor winding,through setting up the experiment to compare and contrast the installation position of the Hall sensor with the phase current of the winding phase,studied the measuring deviation of the rotation position of the Hall sensor under the different magnetic field intensities and its influence on the direction change.The influence factors of brushless DC motor were installation position of Hall sensor and phase current control,and a method of reducing interference was proposed by means of test results,so as to prevent out of control phenomenon of motor due to timing sequence disturbance of motor caused by interference.