“问题与主义”之争中的胡适形象

Image of Hu Shi in the Dispute over “Problems and Doctrines”

20世纪50年代,胡适因为“问题与主义”之争,成为被批判的对象。本文通过还原当时的历史场景,着重指出两点:第一,胡适与李大钊的这场争论,乃是朋友之间很正常的意见分歧,这场论争并没有损害两人的友谊。第二,在当时的问题与主义之争中,以陈独秀、钱玄同、鲁迅为代表的新文化运动的思想领袖,其实也是支持胡适的,不仅如此,就是当时以周恩来、毛泽东、曾琦为代表的青年学生,在这一问题上,也是支持胡适的。因此,在“五四”新文化运动时期,胡适与李大钊的这一论争,并未损害胡适作为新文化运动思想领袖的正面形象。

Hu Shi was the target of criticism for the dispute over “problem and doctrine” in the 1950s. This paper points out two important facts by restoring the historical scene at that time: first, the arguments between Hu Shi and Li Dazhao resulted from normal different opinions between friends, which did no harm to their friendship;second, the ideological leaders of the New Culture Movement like Chen Duxiu, Qian Xuantong and Lu Xun actually supported Hu Shi in the disputes over problems and doctrines at that time, and furthermore, young students like Zhou Eenlai, Mao Zedong and Zeng Qi also supported Hu Shi on this issue. Therefore, the debates between Hu Shi and Li Dazhao during the May Fourth Movement and New Culture Movement did not damage Hu Shi’s positive image as the ideological leader of the New Culture Movement.