反硝化聚磷菌颗粒污泥的培养、特性及活性恢复研究

Research on cultivation,characteristic and activity recovery of denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria granular sludge

以污水处理厂二沉池回流污泥为接种污泥,在序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)中通过调整运行条件诱导培养反硝化聚磷菌(DPB)颗粒污泥,实现反硝化过程和聚磷过程的有效结合。经过3个阶段的培养,DPB颗粒污泥对COD、TP、氨氮的去除率均达90%以上,系统具备缺氧条件下同步反硝化聚磷的能力。获得的DPB颗粒污泥平均粒径为1.0~2.0mm,平均沉速为50~70m/h,具有良好的物理特性和沉降性能,有利于减小污泥处理负荷,提高脱氮除磷效率。DPB颗粒污泥胞外聚合物(EPS)含量明显提高,其中多糖和蛋白质分别为从原接种污泥的21.58、11.22mg/g提高到56.32、34.15mg/g;搁置30d后的DPB颗粒污泥,可在SBR重启30d内恢复原有活性及反硝化聚磷效果。

The sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant was used as the inoculated sludge,and the denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria (DPB) granular sludge was successfully cultivated in the sequencing batch activated sludge reactor (SBR) by adjusting the operating conditions. The obtained DPB could achieve the combination of denitrification process with the phosphorus removal process. After three stages of cultivation,the COD,TP and ammonia nitrogen removal rates of DPB granular sludge were all more than 90%,respectively. It could be seen that the system had the ability of denitrifying and phosphorus accumulating in the absence of oxygen. The average particle size of DPB granular sludge was1.0-2.0 mm,and the average sedimentation speed was 50-70 m/h . It had good physical properties and sedimentation performance,which was beneficial to reducing sludge treatment load and improving nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency. The content of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in DPB granular sludge was significantly improved,and the polysaccharide and protein were increased from21.58,11.22 mg/g of the original flocculent sludge to 56.32,34.15 mg/g ,respectively. Granular sludge restored the original activity and denitrifying phosphorus removal effect within 30 days after SBR restart.