冠心病患者出院前健康教育对院外依从性与心血管疾病预防效果研究

Effect of pre-discharge health education on out-of-hospital compliance and cardiovascular disease prevention for patients with CHD

目的研究冠心病患者出院前健康教育对心血管疾病与院外依从性预防效果。方法选择在2017年1月-2018年6月辽宁省人民医院收治的160例冠心病患者进行研究并对其编号,并按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组80例。对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组实施改良健康教育,对比2组患者出院后对健康教育知识的掌握程度及记录患者的心血管疾病的预防情况。结果观察组患者的心理功能、生理功能及环境因素评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但2组患者的社会关系评分没有明显差异(P>0.05)。观察组的生活方式、服药及随访依从性评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组对健康知识的掌握率91.25%(73/80)明显高于对照组76.25%(61/80),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访的1年时间内,对照组患者在有7例患者发生了心血管疾病,观察组有2例发生了心血管疾病,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论冠心病患者出院前的健康教育,能改善生活质量和对医嘱的依从性,降低心血管疾病的发生率,值得推广普及。

Objective To study the preventive effect of pre-discharge health education on out-of-hospital compliance and cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD). Methods One hundred and sixty patients with CHD admitted to Liaoning Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were selected and numbered. They were divided into the control group and the observation group according to random number table method, with 80 cases for each group. The control group was treated with routine health education before discharge, while the observation group was treated with health education before discharge. The mastery of health education knowledge and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases were compared between the two groups. Results The observation group with scores of psychological function, physiological function and environmental factors were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the scores of social relations between the two groups(P>0.05). The observation group scores of life style, medication and follow-up compliance were higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The mastery rate of health knowledge in the observation group was 91.25%(73/80) which is significantly higher than that in the control group with 76.25%(61/80), the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). During the one-year follow-up period, 7 patients in the control group had cardiovascular disease, and 2 patients in the observation group had cardiovascular disease, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Health education before discharge of patients with coronary heart disease can improve the quality of life and the compliance with doctor′s advice, and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease, which is worth popularizing.