红果小檗果乙醇提取物对四氯化碳致急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

Protective effect of ethanol extract of Berberisheteropoda on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice

目的评价红果小檗果乙醇提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致小鼠急性肝损伤模型的保肝作用。方法将60只小鼠随机分成模型组(生理盐水10 mL/kg体质量),阳性对照组(联苯双酯5 mg/kg体质量),红果小檗乙醇提取物低、中、高剂量组(0.375、 0.75、1.50 g/kg体质量),另取12只小鼠作为正常对照组(生理盐水10 mL/kg体质量),每天灌胃1次,连续7 d。末次给药2 h后,除正常对照组外其他各组小鼠腹腔注射0.1%四氯化碳花生油溶液(10 mL/kg体质量),收集各组小鼠血液和肝脏,采用全自动生化分析仪测定小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)含量,测定小鼠肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量。显微观察各组小鼠肝组织病理学改变情况。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠血清ALT、AST含量均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组小鼠比较,红果小檗果乙醇提取物低、中、高剂量组小鼠血清ALT、AST含量降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,模型组小鼠肝组织SOD、GSH-PX含量降低,MDA含量升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,阳性对照组、红果小檗乙醇提取物低、中、高剂量组小鼠肝组织SOD、GSH-PX含量升高,MDA含量降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。显微观察显示正常组小鼠肝小叶结构正常,肝细胞无坏死、变性和炎性浸润等现象;模型组肉眼可见小鼠肝脏肿大、充血、质地脆弱、肝小叶界限模糊、肝索排列紊乱,肝细胞变性,被大量炎性细胞浸润;红果小檗乙醇提取物低、中、高剂量组小鼠肝小叶结构恢复正常,肝细胞形态正常,炎性细胞浸润减少。结论红果小檗果乙醇提取物对CCl4致小鼠急性化学性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。

Objective To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of ethanol extract of Berberisheteropoda on acute liver injury model induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) in mice. Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into model group(10 mL/kg body mass of normal saline), positive control group(5 mg/kg body mass of biphenylenediester), low, medium and high dose group(0.375, 0.75, 1.50 g/kg body mass of alcohol extract of Berberisheteropoda). Another 12 mice were taken as normal control group(10 mL/kg body mass of normal saline) and gavaged once a day for 7 days. Two hours after the last administration, the mice in each group were injected with 0.1% carbon tetrachloride peanut oil solution(10 mL/kg body mass) intraperitoneally, and the blood and liver of each group were collected. The levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and glutathione aminotransferase(AST) in the serum of mice were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer. The contents of Malondialdehyde(MDA), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the liver tissue of mice were measured. The pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by microscopy. Results Compared with the normal control group, the levels of serum ALT and AST in the model group increased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of serum ALT and AST in the low, medium and high dose groups of alcohol extract from Berberisheteropoda decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the contents of SOD and GSH-Px of liver in the model group decreased, while the content of MDA increased(P<0.05);compared with the model group, the contents of SOD and GSH-Px of liver in the positive control group, the ethanol extract of Berberisheteropoda low, medium and high dose groups increased, and the content of MDA decreased(P<0.05). Microscopic observation showed that the structure of hepatic lobules in the normal mice was normal, and there were no necrosis, degeneration and inflammatory infiltration of hepatocytes. The naked eyes of the model group showed that the hepatic lobules of mice were enlarged, congested and fragile, the boundary of hepatic lobules was blurred, the hepatic cord was arranged disorderly, and the hepatocytes were degenerated and infiltrated by a large number of inflammatory cells. In low, medium and high dose groups of Berberis, the structure of hepatic lobules of mice returned to normal, the morphology of hepatocyte was normal, and inflammatory cell infiltration reduced. Conclusion Ethanol extract from Berberisheteropoda capsules have a certain liver-protecting effect on acute chemical liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice.