秦巴山地玉米种质资源的SSR标记遗传多样性分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Maize Germplasm Resources in Qinba Mountain Area by SSR Markers

为了明确秦巴山地玉米自交系的亲缘关系,采用SSR分子标记方法对26份玉米自交系进行了遗传多样性分析,以遗传相似系数0.6245为标准,将自交系分为5个类群,初步确定其遗传关系.结果表明:在供试材料中共检测到212个等位基因变异,平均每对引物检测到的等位基因变异为8.83个,变异为4~11个,平均多态性信息量PIC值为0.75,变化范围为0.31~0.93;自交系HSZ-3R被划分到第Ⅲ类群里,与其他25份材料的遗传相似系数范围在0.4079~0.6711之间,HSZ-3R与其他4个类群的玉米自交系配置组合具有一定的杂种优势;自交系HB41065被划分到第Ⅴ类群,与其余25份参试自交系材料的遗传相似系数为0.4025~0.6000,遗传距离较远,杂种优势较强,在秦巴玉米组合选配中可作为重点材料加以利用.

In order to clarify the genetic relationship of maize inbred lines in the Qinba mountain, the genetic diversity of 26 inbred lines was analyzed through the SSR molecular marker method. Those inbred lines were divided into 5 groups by the genetic similarity coefficient 0.624 5 as the criterion. The genetic relationship and genetic distance of these self-crossing materials in different groups were identified to provide an reference for the rational use in breeding of strong advantage combinations. The results showed that a total of 212 alleles were detected in the test materials. The average number of allele detected by per pair of primers was 8.83, the variation was 4 to 11, and the average polymorphic information content PIC value was 0.75. The range of changes was 0.31 to 0.93. The self-cross line HSZ-3R was divided into Class III group, and the genetic similarity coefficients between HSZ-3R and other 25 materials ranged from 0.407 9 to 0.671 1;its hybrid combinations with the inbred lines from other 4 groups had certain heterosis advantages. The inbred line HB41065 was divided into Group V, and the genetic similarity coefficients between HB41065 and 25 other inbred lines were 0.402 5~0.600 0, which indicated that the genetic distance was longer and the heterosis was stronger. HB41065 can be used as a key material in maize combination selection in Qinba mountain.