生物炭修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展

Study Review of Biochar Remediation of Heavy Meatal Contaminated Soil

生物炭稳定材料有巨大修复潜力,由于其稳定性强、修复效率高、绿色环保等特点成为当前土壤重金属修复的一大研究热点.参阅国内外关于生物炭修复土壤各类重金属污染的文章,从生物炭的结构和基本特性、生物炭吸附重金属的机理、生物炭吸附重金属的影响因素、生物炭对重金属生物有效性的影响这4个方面进行阐述,并对生物炭在土壤重金属污染中的修复潜力与未来的研究方向进行了相关的展望.

Biochar, as a stable material with great potential especially in the remediation of heavy metal contamination in soil, has gradually entered our view and become a major research hotspot due to its strong stability, high remediation efficiency and enviromentalfriendly characteristics. Biochar is a kind of insoluble black solid substance obtained by pyrolysis of various biomass under anaerobic or completely anoxic conditions, which is rich in carbon elements and highly aromatic. Referring to domestic and foreign articles on biochar remediation of various heavy metal contaminated soils, this paper summarized the structure and basic characteristics of biochar, the mechanism of biochar adsorption of heavy metals, the factors affecting the adsorption of heavy metals by biochar, and the effect of biochar on the bioaccessibility of heavy metals. The potentiallity and future research direction of biochar remediation in heavy metal contaminated soils were reviewed.