爆炸冲击波在仿桥梁结构内传播的数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Explosive Shock Wave Propagation in Imitation Bridge Structure

桥梁作为交通枢纽中的重要关卡,受到强冲击载荷作用后的毁伤效果一直是国内外关注的热点问题。炸药爆炸是对其进行毁伤的最为有效的手段之一,研究爆炸冲击波在桥梁结构中的传播规律对桥梁结构抗爆设计和爆炸事故救援具有至关重要的作用。为此,搭建了桥梁的局部结构并进行爆炸毁伤实验,为数值模拟研究提供数据参考。采用自主开发的三维爆炸与冲击问题仿真软件 EXPLOSION-3D对仿桥梁结构的爆炸冲击波传播问题进行了数值模拟研究。将数值模拟结果与实验结果进行对比,验证了数值算法的有效性;进一步通过对比不同位置处的压力时程曲线来分析爆炸冲击波在仿桥梁结构中的传播规律,并分析了炸药在不同位置处爆炸和不同当量炸药爆炸对桥梁结构毁伤的影响规律。基于数值仿真结果,得到了给定工况下炸药对仿桥梁结构内的人体和车辆的毁伤程度。最后,通过对比分析不同工况的数值模拟结果,从仿真的角度给出了安全预防建议。

The bridge is an essential part in the transportation system, and its damage effect under the strong impact load is always a hot issue in the world. Currently, the explosive explosion is one of the most effective bridge damage methods. Therefore, the research on the explosive shock wave propagation law in the bridge structure plays an important role in the process of anti-explosion design and explosion accident rescue. In this paper, a local imitation structure of the bridge was constructed, and the experiment of the explosive blasting in the bridge was performed. Then, the self-developed software EXPLOSION-3D was adopted to simulate the propagation process of explosive shock wave inner the imitation bridge structure. The numerical simulation results were compared with the experimental results to verify the effectiveness of the numerical algorithm. Further, the propagation laws were analyzed according to pressure-time history curves at different positions. Besides, the explosion damage effects of the bridge structure at different locations and equivalent explosives were also evaluated. Based on the numerical simulation results, the damage degree towards to the human body and vehicle which reside in the imitation bridge structure were obtained. Finally, some safety preventive suggestions were given in the view of simulation after compared and analyzed the numerical results in the different conditions.