《论语》传入西域对《福乐智慧》中孝观念的影响研究

A Study on the Influence of the Introduction of Confucius Analects to the Western Regions on the Filial Conception in The Wisdom of Royal Glory

自古以来,"孝"便是中华民族的传统美德,受到了众多仁人志士的推崇和颂扬。本文拟通过文献研究与文本分析法,对汉代时已传入西域的《论语》和成书于宋朝时的《福乐智慧》中孝观念的影响进行深入研究。研究结果发现,出自不同地域、不同作者、不同时代的两部著作在孝观念上表现出了较多的一致性。共性具体体现为,二者都认为:(一)父母在世,应赡养孝敬父母;父母离世,应礼葬祭祀父母;(二)儿女都应以恭敬之心孝养父母,坦诚之心劝谏父母;(三)出门在外,友爱兄弟,博爱大众,以仁德待人;(四)以孝劝忠,孝治天下。此外,本文还探讨了两部作品中孝观念存在共性的文化背景,并概括为:《福乐智慧》对中原文化的认同与吸纳,孝观念在西域深入人心及《论语》在西域的广泛传播。

Since ancient times,"filial piety" is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, which has been highly praised by many people with lofty ideals. This paper intends to make a deep study of the influence of Confucius Analects, which was introduced into the Western Regions (a Han Dynasty term for the area west of Yumenguan,including what is now Xinjiang and parts of Central Asia) in the Han Dynasty, on the concept of filial piety in The Wisdom of Royal Glory, which was completed in the Song Dynasty, by the way of literature research and text analysis. The study shows that the two works from different areas, writers and times reveal more consistency in the concept of filial piety. The common characteristics are as follows:(1) when parents are alive, as sons and daughters, they should take their duty to support and respect their parents;when parents die, they should bury your parents with etiquette;(2) children should support their parents with respect and filial piety, and sincerely give parents suggestions frankly;(3) when children go out, they should love their brothers, love the public and treat people with kindness;(4) govern the people with filial piety and loyalty;In addition, this paper also explores the cultural background of the commonness of the concept of filial piety in the two works, which can be summarized as the identification and absorption of the culture of the Central Plains in The Wisdom of Royal Glory, the deep popularity of the concept of filial piety in the Western Regions and the wide spread of Confucius Analects in the Western Regions.