本专业与跨专业硕士研究生培养模式改革思考——以高等农业院校园艺专业研究生教育为例

Cultivation Mode Reform of Professional Graduate Students and Cross-professional Ones

农业是国民经济的基础,随着科学技术的发展,现代农业已经迈入历史新阶段。农业工业化、产业化和现代化的大背景,也给高等农业院校专业人才培养带来新的机遇和挑战。目前社会经济的高速发展对农科研究生提出新要求,在园艺专业研究生培养教育过程中,本专业生源硕士研究生的职业定位不清晰,从事农业的信念不坚定;科研创新能力不强,科学研究归纳水平不高;农业实践素养偏低,理论与实践融会贯通不够。尤其跨专业硕士研究生迫于自身提高学历水平,工作和学习的生活环境发生巨大变化;专业知识相对薄弱,专业学习面临困难多、需要学习的知识更多;专业技能操作较差,掌握科研技能难度大、需要锻炼的时间更长,因此,结合园艺专业硕士研究生的自身特点,加快本专业和跨专业硕士研究生教育改革,高等农业院校必须全面提高研究生自身的专业兴趣爱好,增强跨专业硕士研究生的学术交流,单独开设专业基础知识和实验技能课程,充分发挥跨专业知识应用的优势,更加注重培养适应社会的新时代复合型专业人才。

With the development of science and technology,modern agriculture has entered a new stage in history.The industrialization and modernization of agriculture has brought new opportunities and challenges to the cultivation of professional talents in colleges and universities.Currently,however,postgraduates of agricultural specialties still fail to adapt themselves to the rapid social and economic development whether in mentality or in demand.The cultivation of postgraduates of horticulture is confronted with problems,too:The career orientation of the master degree candidates who graduated from a bachelor's degree in horticulture is so unclear that their belief in agriculture is not firm;they are poor in technological innovation and not strong in scientific research induction;their accomplishment of agricultural practice is so poor that they can not integrate theory with practice organically;the master degree candidates who graduated from a bachelor's degree in non agricultural specialties,in particular,are relatively weak in professional knowledge,faced with many difficulties in professional study and have more knowledge to learn;and they have a poor operant skill and need longer time for training.In such a situation the educational reform of professional postgraduates and cross-professional ones should be quickened according to the characteristics of the master degree candidates.Agricultural colleges and universities should strengthen the interest of graduate students in their specialties comprehensively,increase academic communication for cross-professional master degree candidates,offer the courses of professional basic knowledge and experimental skills to them specially,give full play to the advantages of professional knowledge application,and pay more attention to the cultivation of inter-disciplinary talents who adapt to society in the new era.