2015-2017年北京市顺义区食源性疾病监测腹泻病例霍乱弧菌感染及病原学特征分析

Infection and etiological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae in diarrhea patients in Shunyi district of Beijing, 2015–2017

目的研究食源性疾病监测腹泻患者霍乱弧菌感染特点及病原学特征,为科学防控和临床治疗提供依据。方法从2015-2017年北京市顺义区腹泻监测病例的粪便标本中分离培养霍乱弧菌,针对分离菌株进行毒力基因聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测、脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)、基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)图谱分析以及抗生素敏感性分析。结果 2015-2017年,共收集1 105例腹泻患者,霍乱弧菌的检出率为0.54%(6/1 105),霍乱毒素基因ctxAB均为阴性,血清学分型为非O1/O139型,其中5株霍乱弧菌携带Ⅲ型分泌系统毒力基因。菌株PFGE聚类分析结果和MALDI-TOF MS图谱聚类结果具有较好的一致性。结论霍乱弧菌流行强度不高,但其感染和病原学监测工作应在食源性疾病监测体系中得到重视。

Objective To understand the infection status and etiological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae in patients with food-borne diseases in Shunyi district of Beijing,and provide evidence for effective prevention,control and treatment of V.cholera infection.Methods V.cholerae isolation and culture were conducted by using stool samples collected from diarrhea cases in surveillance from 2015 to 2017.PCR test of virulence genes,pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE),matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS) and antibiotic susceptibility analysis were carried out for the isolates of V.cholerae.Results A total of 1 105 diarrhea patients were surveyed in three years.The detection rate of V.cholerae was 0.54%(6/1 105).The detection results of cholera toxin genes ctxAB were negative.Serological typing indicated that all the strains were non-O1/O139.PCR indicated that 5 of the 6 V.cholerae strains were type III secretion system(T3 SS) gene positive.The clustering results of PFGE were consistent with the clustering results of MALDI-TOF MS.Conclusion It is necessary to attach importance to the infection and etiological surveillance of V.cholerae in food-borne disease surveillance system.