新型矫形高腰鞋在预防脊髓损伤患者足下垂畸形中应用的效果观察

Effects of new orthopedic high-waist shoes on preventing foot drop deformity among spinal cord injury patients

目的探讨脊髓损伤下肢截瘫患者穿戴新型矫形高腰鞋对预防脊髓损伤后足下垂畸形的临床效果.方法2016年4月-2018年1月选择44例脊髓损伤截瘫患者,依照患者入院顺序按照随机数字表方法分成试验组和对照组.试验组患者从入院的第1天开始穿戴新型矫形高腰鞋,对照组患者使用足底放置方形软枕的方法.比较试验组与对照组患者在住院2周后足下垂畸形的发生情况.结果试验组患者足下垂发生率为18.2%,对照组患者足下垂畸形发生率为40.9%;试验组患者足部皮肤压疮的发生率为4.5%,对照组患者为18.2%;试验组患者足内翻的发生率为27.3%,对照组患者为59.1%.两组患者足部总并发症发生情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论早期使用新型矫形高腰鞋可有效预防脊髓损伤截瘫患者发生足下垂,保护踝关节功能,促进患肢神经肌肉功能康复.

Objective To explore the effects of new orthopedic high-waist shoes on preventing foot drop deformity among spinal cord injury patients with lower limb paralysis. Methods From April 2016 to January 2018, we selected a total of 44 spinal cord injury patients with paralysis. All of the patients were divided into experimental group and control group according to the order of admission and random number sampling approaches. Patients of experimental group wore new orthopedic high-waist shoes from the first day after admission, while patients of control group used the square soft pillow in foot. We compared the incidence of foot drop deformity among patients two weeks after admission. Results The incidences of foot drop deformity, pressure injury on foot as well as strephenopodia of patients in experimental group and control group were 18.2% vs. 40.9%, 4.5% vs. 18.2% as well as 27.3% vs. 59.1% respectively with statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions Early use of new orthopedic high-waist shoes can effectively prevent foot drop, protect function of ankle joint and promote the rehabilitation of neuromuscular function in limb among spinal cord injury patients with paralysis.