认知倾向与家庭环境对护理本科生手机成瘾的影响

Cognitive orientation and family environment on smartphone addiction among undergraduate nursing students

目的了解护理本科生智能手机使用及成瘾现状,分析认知倾向与家庭环境对护理本科生手机成瘾的影响.方法采用整群抽样方法,2018年4月选取某医学院校310名护生为调查对象.采用手机成瘾指数(MPAI)、SDS、认知倾向量表(CAOT)、家庭环境量表(FES)对其调查.本研究共发放问卷310份,回收有效问卷302份.结果按手机成瘾得分将302名护生分为成瘾组与未成瘾组,其中智能手机成瘾组156名(51.7%),未成瘾组146名(48.3%).Logistic回归分析表明,认知倾向中的悲观倾向及家庭环境中矛盾性是智能手机成瘾的危险因素.结论认知悲观、家庭矛盾性更容易引起护生智能手机成瘾,学校与家庭应该积极培养护生合理使用智能手机的智慧,引导其树立正确的手机使用观.

Objective To investigate the nursing undergraduates (hereinafter referred to as the students) use of Smartphone and Smartphone addiction, and to analyze the influences of the students' cognitive orientation and family environment on their Smartphone addiction. Methods Cluster sampling method was adopted to extract 310 nursing students in a medical university in April 2018. The Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Cognitive Appraisal Orientation Test(CAOT) and the Family Environment Scale (FES)were used to evaluate the status of the Smartphone addiction. Totally 310 questionnaires were distributed and 302 valid ones were retrieved. Results The students were divided into the addiction group and non-addiction group. There were 156 students(51.7%) in the addiction group and 146(48.3%) in the non-addiction group. Logistic regression analysis indicates that, the pessimistic orientated cognition and the family conflicts are the risk factors in the smartphone addiction. Conclusions Pessimistic cognition and family conflicts contribute to smartphone addiction in the nursing undergraduates, therefore the school and family should actively teach the students how to reasonably use the phones and regulate their values about the right ways to use smartphones.