芳香疗法缓解骨科患者全麻术后恶心呕吐的效果

Effects of aromatherapy on ameliorating nausea and emesis in orthopedic patients after surgery under general anesthesia

目的探讨芳香疗法缓解骨科患者全麻术后恶心呕吐的效果.方法采用便利抽样法,选取2017年11月—2018年7月在苏州市中医医院骨伤科就诊的180例患者,将接受全身麻醉的骨科患者按照SPSS产生的随机序列分为试验组和对照组各90例.对照组采用0.9%氯化钠溶液嗅吸和常规护理,试验组给予精油芳香疗法和常规护理.比较两组术后恶心呕吐的发生率和严重程度.结果术后24h内,试验组患者恶心呕吐发生率为13.33%,低于对照组的51.11%,差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=29.406,P<0.05).术后24h内,试验组患者发生不同程度恶心呕吐的例数分别为0级78例,Ⅰ级8例,Ⅱ级4例,Ⅲ级0例;对照组分别为0级44例,Ⅰ级15例,Ⅱ级27例,Ⅲ级4例,试验组患者术后恶心呕吐严重程度低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(Z=-5.656,P<0.05).结论芳香疗法可以有效降低骨科全麻患者术后恶心呕吐的发生率,降低患者恶心呕吐的严重程度.

Objective To explore the effects of aromatherapy on ameliorating nausea and emesis in orthopedic patients after surgery under general anesthesia.Methods Totally 180 patients treated in the Department of Orthopedic Trauma,Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2017 to July 2018 by convenient sampling,and the orthopedic patients receiving general anesthesia were divided into the treatment group(n=90)and the control group(n=90)according to the random serial generated by SPSS.Patients in the control group sniffed saline and received conventional nursing care,while patients in the treatment group received aromatherapy with essential oil and conventional nursing care.The incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and emesis was compared between the two groups.Results The incidence rate of nausea and emesis in the treatment group within 24 hours post operation was 13.33%,lower than that in the control group,which was 51.11%,and there was statistically significant difference(χ^2=29.406,P<0.05).The number of patients showing nausea and emesis with different degrees in the treatment group within 24 hours post operation was Class 0 of 78 cases,8 cases of ClassⅠ,4 of ClassⅡand 0 of ClassⅢ,respectively.The number of patients showing nausea and emesis with different degrees in the control group within 24 hours post operation was Class 0 of 44 cases,15 cases of ClassⅠ,27 of ClassⅡand 4 of ClassⅢ,respectively.The severity of nausea and emesis in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group,and there was statistically significant difference(Z=-5.656,P<0.05).Conclusions Aromatherapy can effectively reduce the incidence rate and severity of nausea and emesis in orthopedic patients after surgery under general anesthesia.