面向协同信息攻击的物理电力系统安全风险评估与防御资源分配

Security Risk Assessment and Defense Resource Allocation of Power System Under Synergetic Cyber Attacks

乌克兰大停电事故表明,对电力信息网实施协同信息攻击将严重威胁电力信息物理系统(electric cyber physical system,ECPS)的安全,提出一种面向协同信息攻击的ECPS风险评估及防御资源分配方法具有现实意义。在分析信息攻击对物理电网的破坏机制与ECPS的信息攻击防御措施的基础上,从攻防博弈角度提出了协同信息攻击的概率表达。然后综合考虑信息攻击的成功率与破坏程度,给出了面向协同信息攻击的ECPS风险计算公式。最后,根据风险计算公式,提出了既定风险情况下的防御资源需求值确定方法与有限防御资源情况下的资源优化分配方法。并将上述方法应用于以10机39节点系统为基础的ECPS,验证了方法的有效性。

The Ukrainian blackout incident shows that security of electric cyber physical system (ECPS) is severely threatened by synergetic cyber attacks. Considering this issue, it is of practical significance to propose a risk assessment and defense resource allocation method related to the ECPS under synergetic cyber attacks. Based on analysis of the destruction mechanism of cyber attacks on the physical grid and the cyber attack defense measures of ECPS, this paper proposes a probabilistic expression of the synergetic cyber attacks based on attack-defense game theory. Furthermore, considering success rate and destruction degree, a risk assessment method of the ECPS under synergetic cyber attacks is proposed. Finally, a method determining the defense resource demand under a given risk situation and an optimal defense resource allocation method under the condition of limited defense resources are proposed. Application of these methods to the ECPS based on a 10-machine 39-bus system verifies effectiveness of these methods.