应用rDNA-内转录间隔区分子条形码技术调查福建省亚稀褶黑菇中毒事件

Investigation on food poisoning incidents of Russula subnigricans Hongo by application of rDNA-internal transcribed spacer molecular barcode technique in Fujian Province

目的调查福建省南平地区3个市县的3起野生菌食物中毒事件,为今后野生菌中毒调查和处置积累经验,减少中毒事件的发生。方法通过查阅中毒患者的临床救治资料,前往中毒事件发生地采集引起中毒的可疑蘑菇样品,并采用rDNA-内转录间隔区(rDNA-ITS)分子条形码鉴定技术进行种属鉴别。结果中毒流行病学特征、中毒患者临床特征、生化指标变化和分子生物学鉴定的结果表明,2017年8月的2起食物中毒事件均由亚稀褶黑菇(Russula subnigricans Hongo)导致;根据中毒患者临床特征,另一起中毒事件亦被推断为由亚稀褶黑菇引起;3起中毒事件中,蘑菇食用者为21人,发病17人,罹患率为81.0%,其中3人死亡,病死率为17.6%(3/17)。结论首次在福建省通过分子生物学手段鉴别出由亚稀褶黑菇引起的食物中毒事件;亚稀褶黑菇广泛分布于福建山区,易被误采误食而引起中毒事件,且病死率高。

Objective To investigate three cases of food poisoning caused by the toxic mushroom in Nanping, Fujian Province in 2017, accumulate the experience and solutions for the investigation and disposal of wild mushroom poisoning and help to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by food poisoning incident in the future. Methods Review the clinical treatment data of the patients with poisoning, and identify the species of the mushroom samples by internal transcribed spacer ( ITS ) barcode identification technology. Results The epidemiological investigation, clinical characteristics analysis and ITS sequencing verification were carried out for three poisoning incidents at the end of August 2017 with 17 poisoning patients and 3 deaths. According to the result of the epidemiological characteristics of poisoning, the clinical characteristics of the poisoning patients, the changes of biochemical indexes and the identification result by molecular biology, two cases of food poisoning were confirmed to be caused by Russula subnigricans Hongo and another case was presumed to be caused by this toxic mushroom. Conclusion The molecular biology identification was firstly used to identify 2 cases of mushroom poisoning incidents owing to Russula subnigricans Hongo in Fujian Province, which is widely distributed among the mountainous areas in Fujian Province.