放射性黏膜损伤的营养治疗策略

Nutritional treatment of radiotherapy-induced mucosal injury

黏膜损伤是头颈肿瘤放疗中最常见的并发症,主要表现为口腔疼痛、吞咽困难、进食减少以及继发性感染,严重时可导致治疗中断,影响治疗疗效和患者生活质量。伤口修复依赖营养,不合理的营养方案影响修复进程。因此,促进黏膜损伤的快速修复,合理的营养策略十分重要。本文基于目前放射性黏膜损伤和营养素对黏膜修复作用及其机制的研究,针对放射性黏膜损伤的流行病学、病理生理机制、临床表现和营养策略进行综述,为临床提供参考。

Mucosal injury is the most common complication of radiotherapy for head and neck neoplasms. The relevant symptoms include oral pain, dysphagia, decreased diet intake, and secondary infection, which can lead to the interruption of treatment and even affect the clinical efficacy and quality of life. Wound repair depends on nutrition supply. Inappropriate nutrition plan may affect the healing process. Therefore, proper nutritional strategy plays a pivotal role in promoting the healing of mucosal injury. Based on current researches on radiotherapy-induced mucosal injury and the effect of nutrients on wound healing, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and nutritional therapy for radiotherapy-induced mucosal injury were reviewed, aiming to provide references for clinical practice.