肿瘤源性外泌体与白血病关系的研究进展

Advances in Relation Between Tumor-derived Exosomes and Leukemia

外泌体(exosomes)是一类直径介于30~150 nm之间的双层结构的微小囊泡,可由多种类型细胞分泌,内含丰富的蛋白质、mRNA和microRNA,参与细胞间物质交换和信号转导。外泌体通过影响细胞增殖、凋亡和自噬、调节骨髓微环境、促进血管生成以及抑制骨髓造血等多方面促进白血病的发生发展,影响白血病的耐药;同时可作为白血病药物治疗的作用靶点等。本文就外泌体的组成、形成和近年来肿瘤来源的外泌体在白血病中的作用研究进行综述。

Exosomes are bilayer-lipid membrane nanovesicles with 30-150nm in diameter. They are secreted by various types of cells, with abundant proteins, mRNA and microRNA, and involved in intercellular substance exchange and signal transduction. Exosomes can promote the occurrence and development of leukemia to further affect the drug resistance by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy, regulating bone marrow microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting bone marrow hematopoiesis. They can also be used as the target of drug therapy for leukemia. This article reviews the composition and formation of exosomes and the roles of tumor-derived exosomes in leukemia in recent years.