草地蘑菇圈对植被及土壤真菌的影响

Effects of grassland fairy rings on vegetation and soil fungi

蘑菇圈是由土壤真菌引起的一种特殊的生态现象,通过分析蘑菇圈的存在对植被氮磷营养、土壤理化性质及土壤真菌结构的影响,旨在为揭示土壤真菌–真菌互作提供理论依据。结果表明,1)在蘑菇圈的圈上区域,植被生物量、含氮量和含磷量均显著高于圈外及圈内区域(P<0.05)。2)3个区域间的土壤理化性质也发生了显著变化(P<0.05)。3)真菌群落α-多样性指数分析表明,蘑菇圈圈上区域土壤真菌多样性指数显著高于圈外对照区域(P<0.05)。4)土壤真菌类群在科水平分类结果显示,伞菌科(Agaricaceae)、囊担菌科(Cystobasidiaceae)、戴维迪科(Davidiellaceae)和丛赤壳科(Nectriaceae)的相对丰度在蘑菇圈圈上区域均显著高于圈外区域(P<0.05);相反,囊藻科(Cystofilobasidiaceae)、大壶菌科(Chytridiaceae)及虫草科(Cordycipitaceae)的真菌的相对丰度在圈上区域显著低于圈外区域(P<0.05)。5)相关分析表明,土壤有机碳和有效磷含量是影响土壤真菌结构组成的重要因素。

Fairy rings are a unique ecological phenomenon caused by soil fungi.Through analyzing the influence of fairy rings on nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition supply to vegetation,physical and chemical properties of soil,and soil fungi structure,this paper aims to provide a theoretical basis for revealing soil fungi-fungi interaction.The results showed that the vegetation biomass,nitrogen content,and phosphorus content in the area above the fairy ring were significantly higher than those outside and inside the rings(P<0.05).Soil physical and chemical properties of the three regions also changed significantly(P<0.05).The analysis of the alpha-diversity index of the fungal community showed that the diversity index of soil fungi was significantly higher in the upper zone than in the outside zone(P<0.05).Classification results showed that the relative abundances of Agaricaceae,Cystobasidiaceae,Davidiellaceae,and Nectriaceae in the upper zone were significantly higher than those in the outside area(P<0.05).On the contrary,the relative abundance of fungi in Cystofilobasidiaceae,Chytridiaceae,and Cordycipitaceae was significantly lower in the upper zone than in the outside zone(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon and available phosphorus were important factors affecting the composition of soil fungi.