黄河滩区16个春播燕麦品种的生产性能和营养品质

Comparison of production performance and nutritional value of16 oat varieties in Yellow River Beach area

采用完全随机区组设计,对16个春播燕麦(Avena sativa)品种的生产特性和营养品质进行比较,并使用灰色关联度分析法,进行综合评价以筛选出适合在河南省黄河滩区推广种植的高产优质燕麦品种。结果表明,1)不同燕麦品种株高、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、干草产量、鲜干比、籽粒产量和茎叶比差异显著(P<0.05)。其中品种太阳神的株高、分蘖数和干草产量最高,分别为111.7 cm、4.38个和11.79 t·hm^–2;品种ESK的单株有效分蘖数最高,为3.51个,而茎叶比最低,为0.69;鲜干比以品种贝勒2号最低;籽粒产量以品种甜燕1号和贝勒最高,分别为3.45和3.31 t·hm^–2。2)不同燕麦品种粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪含量均有显著差异(P<0.05);粗蛋白含量以甜燕1号最高,为17.33%;中性洗涤纤维含量以太阳神最低,为35.80%;酸性洗涤纤维含量以加燕2号最低,为27.22%;粗脂肪含量以ESK最高,为9.94%。灰色关联度综合评价表现最好的5个燕麦品种分别是ESK、贝勒、禾王、太阳神和甜燕1号,适合在河南省黄河滩区推广种植。

The objective of this study was to explore the production performance and nutritional quality of 16 oat varieties planted in spring in the Yellow River Beach area using a complete random block design.The comprehensive evaluation was carried out using the grey correlation analysis to select oat varieties with high yield and superior quality that are suitable for popularizing the area.The test results were as follows:1)There were significant differences in plant height(%),effective tiller number,hay yield,fresh/dry ratio,grain yield,and stem/leaf ratio among the different oat varieties(P<0.05).The plant height,tiller number,and hay yield of Helios were the highest at 111.7 cm,4.38 per plant,and 11.79 t·hm^–2,respectively.The fresh/dry ratio of BalerⅡwas the lowest.The effective tiller number of ESK was the highest while its stem/leaf ratio was the lowest(0.69).2)There were significant differences in crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,and ether extract among the different oat varieties(P<0.05).The crude protein of Sweety was the highest(17.33%).The Helios and Jiayan2 varieties had the lowest content of neutral and acid detergent fiber(35.80%and 27.22%,respectively).The ether extract content of ESK was the highest(9.94%).The result of the grey correlation comprehensive analysis showed that ESK,Baler,Hewang,Helios and Sweety showed excellent performance and were suitable for popularizing and planting in the Yellow River Beach area of Henan Province.