油菜秸秆还田与复合肥配施对花生生长及产量的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Rapeseed Straw Returning and Compound Fertilizer on Peanut Growth and Yield

为指导油菜秸秆还田与化肥的合理施用提供科学依据,开展油菜秸秆不同还田量(无秸秆还田,秸秆全量还田及秸秆2倍全量还田)和复合肥(N∶P∶K=15∶15∶15)不同用量(10kg/667m^2、15kg/667m^2、30kg/667m^2和45kg/667m^2)配施对后茬作物花生生长及产量的影响试验。结果表明:油菜秸秆全量还田对花生出苗有明显的促进作用,秸秆2倍全量还田阻碍花生出苗;油菜秸秆还田处理的花生产量略低于无秸秆还田处理,但油菜秸秆还田处理的花生籽粒充实度好,其百果重和百仁重较重。综合花生田间生长情况、产量以及秸秆合理化处理需求,以油菜秸秆全量还田+复合肥10kg/667m2的处理可兼顾后茬作物花生的生长与产量以及秸秆的合理处置,能取得较好的环境保护效应及经济效益。

To provide a scientific basis for guiding the rational application of rapeseed straw returning and chemical fertilizer,various amount of rapeseed straw returning(no straw returning,whole field straw returning and 2 times of whole field straw returning)was conducted combined with different amount of compound fertilizer application(10 kg/667m^2,15 kg/667m^2,30 kg/667m^2,45 kg/667m^2)to explore their effects on growth and yield of peanut after cropping.Results:Whole field straw returning had obvious promoting effect on peanut emergence,2 times of whole field straw returning hindered the emergence of peanuts.The yield of peanuts with straw returning was slightly lower than that of withut straw returning,while whole field straw returning was of the better peanut grain filling,and heavier 100-fruit weight and 100-kernel weight.Considering peanut field growth,yield and straw rationalization treatment demand,whole field straw returning+application of compound fertilizer 10 kg/667m^2 can take into account the growth and yield of peanuts and the reasonable disposal of straw,which can obtain better environmental protection effect and economic benefit.