采暖季西安市大学教室空气品质现状分析

Analysis on indoor air quality of university classrooms in Xi’an city during heating season

以西安市某大学为研究对象,在供暖季选取大中小三类典型教室,基于现场测量和问卷调查法,综合主观评价和客观评价对西安市大学教室内空气品质现状进行分析。研究结果表明上课状态下,各类教室普遍温度偏高,大中教室存在过量供暖现象;各类教室相对湿度普遍偏低;上课状态时各类教室室内二氧化碳浓度远超出国家标准的建议值;主观调查表明只有不到40%的同学对上课状态下教室内空气品质现状表示满意;人员密度高、开窗通风频率少是上课状态下室内二氧化碳浓度过高的主要原因,通过开启门窗通风的方式可显著降低室内二氧化碳浓度,且不会降低室内人员的舒适性。自习状态室内空气质量优于上课状态,各项指标均满足国家标准。

Taking a university in Xi'an as the research object, selecting three categories of typical classrooms including large, medium and small classrooms in heating season, based on the methods of field measurement and questionnaire survey, the current situation of air quality in university classrooms of Xi'an city was analyzed by using the subjective and objective evaluations. The results show that under the condition of class state, the temperature of all kinds of classrooms is high, and there is excessive heating in large and middle classrooms;the relative humidity of all kinds of classrooms is generally low;the concentration of indoor carbon dioxide in various classrooms far exceeds the recommended value of the national standard;the subjective survey shows that less than 40% of students are satisfied with the current indoor air quality of classrooms;high personnel density and low window ventilation frequency are the main causes of high carbon dioxide concentration in the classrooms;natural ventilation by opening doors and windows can significantly reduce the indoor carbon dioxide concentration, and will not reduce the comfort requirements of students in classrooms. The indoor air quality under self-study state is better than that under class state and the indoor air quality of all kinds of classrooms all meets the national standard.