基于PI3K/Akt信号通路研究中药及其活性成分的中枢神经保护作用最新进展

Progress of central neuroprotective effects of TCMs and its active constituents based on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

PI3K/Akt信号通路激活所介导的具有中枢神经保护作用的中药非常广泛,但主要分布在补益药、清热药及活血药中,其中尤以补益类中药的苷类及多糖类成分、清热类中药的生物碱类成分为目前研究的热点。基于PI3K/Akt信号通路的中药及其活性成分的中枢神经保护作用作用研究,为相关中枢神经保护剂及PI3K/Akt通路激活剂的开发提供了进一步的实验依据,对神经系统功能障碍性疾病新的、安全的治疗方案与思路开发具有广阔的前景。但目前多数研究对PI3K/Akt通路的下游信号蛋白如Bcl-2,Bax,p21,p-mTOR,p53,Caspase-9,e NOS等关注较多,而对上游蛋白仅对PI3K,Akt,c AMP,PKA,p-PDK等有所研究,对有效部位或有效部位群等中药提取物作为PI3K/Akt信号通路激活剂来保护中枢神经的相关研究较少。

The traditional Chinese medicine( TCMs) mediated by activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway for central neuroprotective effects were very extensive,but mainly distributed in TCMs for invigoration,heat-clearing,detoxicating and activating blood circulation. The current research focused on glycosides and polysaccharides from TCMs for invigoration and alkaloids from TCMs for heat-clearing and detoxicating. Central neuroprotective effects of TCMs and its active constituents based on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway can provide further experimental evidence for development of relevant central neuroprotective agents and PI3K/Akt pathway activators,and have broad prospects for development of new and safe treatment options and ideas for neurological dysfunctions.Most studies focused on the downstream signaling proteins such as Bcl-2,Bax,p21,p-mTOR,p53,Caspase-9,eNOS,etc. For upstream signaling proteins,only PI3K,Akt,cAMP,PKA,and p-PDK have been studied. Few studies have investigated effective parts extracted from TCMs mediated by activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to protect central nervous.