海口美舍河凤翔湿地公园植物配置与净化功能研究

Study on the configuration and purification function of wetland plants in Haikou Meishe River Fengxiang Wetland Park

海口美舍河凤翔湿地公园是改善海口市区水生态环境工程的重要组成部分.该研究调查了公园湿地植物的种类组成与空间布局,显示人工湿地共使用水湿生植物16科18属19种,其中湿生植物5科5属5种,挺水植物8科8属9种,浮水植物3科3属3种,沉水植物2科2属2种,人工湿地采取8级阶梯结构,自上而下随着水位渐深分别种植湿生植物、挺水植物、挺水—浮水植物、浮水—沉水植物、挺水—浮水—沉水植物,利用各类水湿生植物的净化能力去除污水中的N、P,实现湿地的净化功能.最后根据收集的资料,计算出美舍河凤翔湿地公园人工湿地每年吸收N的总量为3252kg,每年吸收P的总量为570kg,文章最后对其美学功能、生物多样性功能和科学管理进行了分析和讨论.

Haikou Meishe River Fengxiang Wetland Park is an important part of the project for improving aquatic ecological environment in Haikou downtown. It was shown,by investigation on species compositions and spatial configurations of the park wetland plants,that there were a total of 19 hydro-and hygrophytic species belonging to 18 genera and 16 families in the constructed wetlands,of which 5 species and 5 genera belonging to 5 families are hygrophytes,9 species and 8 genera belonging to 8 families are emergent plants,3 species and 3 genera belonging to 3 families are floating-leaved plants,and 2 species from 2 genera belonging to 2 families are submerged plants. The configuration of the plants is well-proportioned and adequate,according to the results of α-diversity analysis. The hygrophytes,emergent plants,mix of emergent and floating-leaved plants,mix of floating-leaved and submerged plants,and mix of emergent,floating-leaved and submerged plants were orderly planted, from top to bottom,in an eight-step pools used by the constructed wetland,with water being gradually deepening step by step. Finally,as calculated by data collected,the annual absorption of N and P by the constructed wetland were respectively 3252 kg and 570 kg. Also,aesthetics,biodiversity benefits,and scientific management,of the wetland have been discussed.