黄贮秸秆两相厌氧发酵系统微生物多样性研究

Study on microbial diversity of two-phase anaerobic fermentation of straw from yellow corn silage

使用高通量测序技术,对黄贮秸秆为发酵原料的两相厌氧发酵体系中微生物的多样性进行了研究。在发酵不同时间取样分析了产酸相、产甲烷相系统内细菌、古菌、真菌群落结构。结果表明,两相厌氧发酵产酸相系统中芽孢八叠球菌属(Sporosarcina)、梭状芽胞杆菌属(ClostridiumIII)、根霉菌属(Rhizopus)、酵母目(unclassified_Saccharomycetales)、甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)、甲烷囊菌属(Methanoculleus)、荧光甲烷球菌(Methanomassiliicoccus)等是优势菌群,这些菌群协同作用,可加速水解阶段的反应速率,加快有机物从固相向液相的溶出,为后续反应提供更多的可降解底物。甲烷相中细菌菌群以Ornatilinea、第三梭状芽胞杆菌属(ClostridiumIII)等为主要优势菌群,真菌为非优势菌,不具有指导性意义。古菌菌群以甲烷囊菌属(Methanoculleus)、荧光甲烷球菌属(Methanomassiliicoccus)、甲烷短杆菌属(Methanobrevibacte)、甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)等为主。

The microbial diversity in two-phase anaerobic fermentation system of straw from yellow corn silage as fermentation material was studied by high-throughput sequencing technology, and the community structure of bacteria, archaea and fungi in the system of acidogenic phase and methanogenic phase was analyzed at different times of fermentation. The results showed that Sporosarcina, Clostridium III, Rhizopus, unclassified_Saccharomycetales, Methanosarcina, Methanomassiliicoccus and Methanomassiliicoccus are the dominant species in the two-phase anaerobic fermentation system, and then the synergistic effect of these bacteria groups can accelerate the reaction rate in the hydrolysis stage, ande accelerate the dissolution rate of organic matter from solid phase to liquid phase, and provide more degradable substrates for subsequent reactions. The main advantage bacterium groups are Ornatilinea、Clostridium III on methanogenic phase, and fungi are non-dominant and non-directive, whereas archaea mainly consist of Methanoculleus, Methanomassiliicoccus, methanobrevite and Methanosarcina.