妊娠期免疫系统的特点与妊娠合并自身免疫性疾病

Characteristics of the immune system during pregnancy and pregnancy with autoimmune diseases

妊娠是一个复杂的生理过程,其中免疫系统发生的一系列改变,是维持母体对胎儿这一“非己”成分的免疫耐受以及对外界刺激的正常应答。同时,在妊娠过程中某些自身免疫性疾病的发病率增加,或已经稳定的疾病在妊娠期间出现疾病活动或病情恶化,也与妊娠期间免疫系统的特殊变化密切相关。但其在妊娠期发生的确切机制尚不明确,本文通过复习文献对妊娠期免疫系统的变化特点及妊娠期合并自身免疫性疾病的免疫学基础进行讨论。

Pregnancy is a complex physiological process in which a series of changes in the immune system is to maintain the mother′s immune tolerance to the "non-self" component of the fetus and the normal response to external stimuli.At the same time,during pregnancy,the incidence of certain autoimmune diseases increases,or stable disease develops or progresses,which are also closely related to the special changes in the immune system during pregnancy.However,the exact mechanism of its occurrence during pregnancy is still unclear.This article reviews the literature on the changes in the immune system during pregnancy and the immunological basis of autoimmune diseases in pregnancy.