性别均衡对企业绩效的影响研究——“男女搭配,干活不累”的检验与解释

Research on the Impact of Gender Balance on Enterprise Performance

女性雇佣与企业绩效之间的关系一直是学术界关注的热点话题。文章基于2012年世界银行中国企业调查数据分析了女性员工比例与企业绩效之间的关系,研究发现:女性员工比例与企业绩效之间存在倒“U”型关系,这种关系主要存在于小型企业和微型企业中,受样本数量的限制,在大中型企业中未观测到;偏离性别均衡点后,女性比例下降所带来的企业绩效损失会大于女性比例上升所造成的绩效损失。文章对于推进男女平等、促进女性就业有一定现实意义。

The relationship between female employment and business performance has always been a hot topic in academic circles.The relationship between female employee ratio and corporate performance is analyzed in the paper,based on the data of 2012 WorldBank China Enterprise Survey.The study showed that firstly,there is an inverted"U"relationship between the proportion of female employees and corporate performance,and the relationship mainly exists in small enterprises and micro enterprises,but not in large and medium-sized enterprises due to the number of samples.Secondly,after deviating from the gender balance point,the loss of corporate performance,caused by the decline in the proportion of women,will be greater than the performance loss caused by the increase in the proportion of women.This study has certain practical significance for promoting equality between men and women,and promoting women's employment.