对外直接投资与母国经济结构升级——基于全球价值链时代日本的经验研究

The Effects of ODI to Home Country Economic Structure——The analysis based on Japanese experience in the GVCS

中国开展对外直接投资时期较短,以中国为研究对象难以从长期角度考察对本国经济结构的影响。本文以日本为研究对象,基于2000 2014年间S ITC2分类下的贸易数据和日本分产业的对外直接投资数据,分析全球价值链分工背景下日本对外直接投资的特征和对本国经济的影响。全球价值链时代,日本的对外直接投资属于网络型对外直接投资,本文以Nicoud(2002)的自由资本垂直流动模型为基础,对价值链分工下网络型直接投资对本国经济的影响机制进行了理论分析,发现网络型对外直接投资通过资源优化配置效应、资本积累和创新的循环累积因果关系以及集聚经济性促进日本经济结构升级,并利用2000 2014年日本对外直接投资的分行业数据进行实证检验,实证结果验证了理论分析的结论。

The period of China's outward direct investment is relatively short.So it is difficult to taking China as an object to studythe impact on the domestic economic structure from a long-term perspective.Taking Japan as the object,this paper analyzes the characteristics of Japan's ODI in the global value chain,and study it how to impact the domestic economic structure.The data based on the trade data classified by SITC2 and Japanese industry's ODI data from 2000 to 2014.From the characteristics of ODI,Japanese ODI belongs to network ODI.Taking free capital flow model of Nicoud(2002),introduced the division within products,analyzed the characteristic of the capital flow,and the impact of foreign direct investment on trade structure.We found that the network of Japanese foreign direct investment promoted Japan's economic structure upgrading,by optimization the resources allocation,capital accumulation effect and innovation cycle cumulative effect and agglomeration effect.In the future,China should pay attention to construct the production network to upgrade the economic structure.