城市垃圾焚烧飞灰物化特性动态分析

Dynamic Analysics on the Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Municipal Waste Incineration Fly Ash

以某一垃圾焚烧电厂2017年内不同时期产生的焚烧飞灰为研究对象,对其进行较系统性、动态的物化特性分析。结果表明:焚烧飞灰粉体白度约46、密度约1.88 g/cm^3、颗粒的粒径D50、D90分别约为25μm与76μm。粉体颗粒无固定的形态结构,其中可见针状结构、板片结构与方柱状颗粒。焚烧飞灰中存在氯化钾(KCl)、氯化钠(NaCl)、氧化钙(CaO)、碳酸钙(CaCO3)等,其主体元素含量分布特征为钙(Ca)>氯(Cl)>钠(Na)>钾(K)>硅(Si)>锌(Zn),同时垃圾焚烧飞灰中含多种重金属元素,且重金属在所检样品中的量化顺序是铅(Pb)>铜(Cu)>铬(Cr)>镉(Cd)。本课题工作可为垃圾焚烧飞灰固废的多元化、绿色化、资源化的利用提供积极的技术支撑与理论指导。

The municipal waste incineration fly ashs obtained from a refuse incineration power plant in the different period in 2017 year were systemic and dynamic analysis. The results show that the white degree of incineration fly ash is about 46, the density of which is about 1.88 g/cm3. The particle diameter D50 and D90 are about 25 microns to 76 microns, respectively. The micstructure of incineration fly ash display unfixed form, but in which there are some special particles with acicular, board and square column morphology. Incineration fly ash is mainly composed by potassium chloride(KCl), sodium chloride(NaCl), calcium oxide(CaO), calcium carbonate(CaCO3). The content of main element in the material distribution has the characteristic, namely calcium(Ca) > chloride(Cl)> sodium(Na)> potassium(K) > Si > Zi. The municipal waste incineration fly ash contains lead(Pb), copper(Cu), chromium(Cr) and cadmium(Cd) and other heavy metals and have the material distribution of lead(Pb)> copper(Cu) > chromium(Cr)> cadmium(Cd). This work will actively provide technical support and theoretical guidance for the diversified,green resource utilization for the resource of municipal waste incinerator fly ash.