河豚毒素的研究进展

Research progress of tetrodotoxin

河豚毒素是最先从河鲀中分离提取得到的一种剧毒的生物碱类天然神经毒素,后来在包括水生和陆生的多种动物体中均有发现。河鲀正在成为福建省的一种重要养殖鱼类,药理研究也发现河豚毒素在治疗成瘾、癫痫、局部和全身麻醉及镇痛等方面发挥着重大的作用。河豚毒素的研究具有重要意义,但是河鲀体内河豚毒素的确切来源目前仍没有定论,其生物合成途径也尚待阐明。本文对河豚毒素理化性质、作用及来源等方面进行综述。

Tetrodotoxin is a highly toxic alkaloid natural neurotoxin first isolated from the puffer,and later found in a variety of animals,including aquatic and terrestrial.The puffer is becoming an important aquaculture fish in Fujian Province.Pharmacological studies have also found that tetrodotoxin plays an important role in the treatment of addiction,epilepsy,local and general anesthesia and analgesia.The study of tetrodotoxin is of great significance,but the exact source of tetrodotoxin in puffer remains uncertain,and its biosynthetic pathway remains to be elucidated.The physicochemical properties,functions and sources of tetrodotoxin were reviewed in this paper.