小儿静脉穿刺失败的影响因素及护理对策

Influencing factors and nursing countermeasures for venipuncture failure in children

目的分析小儿静脉穿刺失败的影响因素并提出相应护理对策。方法回顾性分析我院2012年5月~2017年5月收治的静脉输液患儿5000例,并根据静脉穿刺成功与否分为成功组(4845例)和失败组(155例),两组患儿均采用相同手法实施穿刺,分析穿刺失败原因并制定护理对策。结果5000例静脉穿刺小儿,静脉穿刺失败小儿155例,占3.10%。影响小儿静脉穿刺失败原因单因素有:年龄、肤色、家属文化程度、护士从业时间(P<0.05);影响小儿静脉穿刺失败原因多因素有:年龄、家属文化程度、护士从业时间(P<0.05)。结论对155例小儿静脉穿刺失败原因进行分析,主要包括:患儿因素、家属因素及护士因素,在后期护理过程中应加强对患儿及家属心理疏导,并对患儿家属做好疾病宣教工作,加强护士静脉穿刺技巧培训。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of venipuncture failure in children and to propose corresponding nursing countermeasures. Methods 5000 children with venous infusion who were admitted to our hospital from May 2012 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed and they were divided into success group (4845 cases)and failure group(155 cases)according to the success of venipuncture.Children in the two groups were given venipuncture by the same technique.The causes of venipuncture failure were analyzed and the nursing countermeasures were developed. Results Among 5,000 children with venipuncture,there were 155 children with venipuncture failure,accounting for 3.10%.The single factors affecting the causes of venipuncture failure in children were age,skin color,family education level and nurses’ employment time(P < 0.05).The multiple factors that affected venous puncture failure in children were age,family education level and nurses’ employment time(P < 0.05). Conclusion The causes of 155 children with venipuncture failure include children’s factors,family members’ factors and nurses’ factors.In the late care,it is necessary to strengthen psychological counseling for children and their family members,do a good job in disease publicity and education for the family members of children and strengthen the skills training of venipuncture of nurses.