常山县产品相关的儿童伤害病例特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of product-related injuries among children in Changshan County

目的分析2011-2017年衢州市常山县产品相关儿童伤害病例特征,为开展儿童产品伤害干预提供依据。方法从常山县开展产品伤害监测的3所哨点医院收集2011-2017年就诊的18岁以下儿童的产品伤害首诊病例资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析病例的性别、年龄、伤害发生原因和涉及产品类别分布,以及家具、文教体育用品、家用日用品和儿童玩具及用品4类常见产品相关的儿童伤害特征。结果 2011-2017年常山县3家哨点医院共报告儿童伤害病例5 111例,占产品相关伤害病例总数的13.49%。其中男童3 138例,占61.40%;女童1 973例,占38.60%。伤害发生时年龄以<10岁为主,2 973例占58.17%。伤害发生原因主要为交通伤(49.46%)、钝器伤(16.02%)、刀/锐器伤(12.39%)和跌倒/坠落(10.37%)。涉及产品类别主要为除汽车外的其他交通运输工具(36.83%)、汽车(17.82%)、家具(12.23%)、文教体育用品(8.45%)、家用日用品(4.89%)和儿童玩具及用品(3.25%)。4类常见产品相关的儿童伤害中,家用日用品相关的儿童伤害发生原因以刀/锐器伤为主(53.01%),其他3类以钝器伤为主;文教体育用品相关的儿童伤害主要发生在学校和公共场所(64.57%)、体育和运动场所(18.48%),发生时以体育活动为主(54.13%),其他3类主要发生在家庭,发生时以休闲活动为主;家用日用品相关的儿童伤害性质以锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤为主(51.50%),其他3类以挫伤/擦伤为主。4类常见产品相关的儿童伤害受伤部位均以头部为主,严重程度均以轻度为主,结局均以治疗后回家为主。结论常山县产品相关儿童伤害病例中男童多于女童,涉及产品主要为除汽车外的其他交通运输工具、汽车、家具、文教体育用品、家用日用品和儿童玩具及用品,开展产品相关儿童伤害预防控制需重点关注后4类产品。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of product-related injuries among children in Changshan County from 2011 to 2017 and to provide evidence for targeted intervention. Methods The surveillance data of product-related injuries among children aged below 18 years from 2011 to 2017 was collected from three sentinel hospitals in Changshan County.The characteristics of product-related injuries among children were analyzed, especially those injuries caused by furniture,stationery and sporting goods,commodities and toys. Results A total of 5 111 product-related injury cases among children were reported,accounting for 13.49% of product-related injury cases of all age. There were 3 138 boys and 1 973 girls,accounting for61.40% and 38.60%. There were 2 973 cases less than 10 years old,accounting for 58.17%. The main causes of product-related injuries were road traffic injury(49.46%),blunt(16.02%),stab/cut(12.39%) and fall(10.37%). The main categories of products included transportation equipments(not including motor vehicles,36.83%),motor vehicles(17.82%),furniture(12.23%),stationery and sporting goods(8.45%),commodities(4.89%) and toys(3.25%). Stab/cut(53.01%) was the main cause of commodities related injuries;blunt was the main cause of furniture,stationery and sporting goods and toys. The stationery and sporting goods related injuries occurred mainly in schools/public places(64.57%) and sports venues(18.48%)when engaging in sports(54.13%);furniture, commodities and toys related injuries injured cases occurred at home when engaging in leisure activities. Commodities mainly resulted in sharp/bite/open wound(51.50%);furniture,stationery and sporting goods and toys mainly resulted in bruises. Most cases were injured in head,slight and allowed home after treated. Conclusion The product-related injuries among children in Changshan County are more boys. The products mainly involve transportation equipments(not including motor vehicles),motor vehicles,furniture,stationery and sporting goods,commodities and toys,with emphasis on the latter four categories in the prevention of product-related child injury.