中国基本公共服务供给水平分布动态、地区差异及收敛性

Distribution Dynamics,Regional Differences and Convergence of Basic Public Service Supply Level in China

研究目标:探究2007~2016年中国基本公共服务供给水平的分布动态、地区差异及收敛性。研究方法:基于构建的基本公共服务供给评价指标体系,采用熵权法计算出“基本公共服务供给综合指数”来刻画基本公共服务供给水平,之后运用核密度估计方法、Dagum基尼系数分析其分布动态与地区差异,继而利用变异系数与静态面板模型检验其σ收敛和β收敛特征。研究发现:全国整体与中部和西部区域基本公共服务供给水平均呈现两极分化现象,梯度特征明显,而东部区域则由显著两极分化现象渐趋弱化为一极集聚现象。全国总体相对差异呈趋缓下降态势,区域间差异是总体差异的最大来源,区域内差异次之,超变密度最小。全国整体及三大区域不仅都存在σ收敛,也都存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛。研究创新:刻画了基本公共服务供给水平的分布动态演进,测度了其地区差异及来源,揭示了收敛特征。研究价值:为加深认知中国基本公共服务供给水平的空间格局与地区差距提供了事实参考依据,也对如何推进区域间、区域内协调发展具有政策启示。

Research Objectives:This paper studies the distribution dynamic evolution,regional differences and convergence of basic public service supply level from 2007 to 2016 in China.Research Methods:Based on the constructed basic public service supply evaluation index system,this paper uses entropy weight method to calculate the comprehensive index of basic public service supply to describe the level of basic public service supply.After that,this paper uses Kernel density estimation method,Dagum Gini coefficient and decomposition method to analyze the distribution dynamics and regional differences of basic public service supply level.Then,this paper continues to use coefficient of variation and static panel model to test theirσconvergence andβconvergence.Research Findings:The supply level of basic public services in the whole country and in the central and western regions are polarized,with gradient characteristics to varying degrees,while in the eastern region,the obvious polarization phenomenon gradually weakens to a polar agglomeration phenomenon.The overall relative difference in the whole country is slowing down.Regional difference is the largest source of the overall difference.While the differences within regions takes second place,and super variable density is the smallest.The whole country as well as the three major regions of the east,middle and west have not onlyσconvergence but also absoluteβconvergence and conditionalβconvergence.Research Innovations:This paper depicts the dynamic evolution of the distribution of the supply level of basic public services,measures its regional differences and sources,and reveals its convergence characteristics.Research Value:This study provides a factual reference basis for deepening the understanding of the spatial pattern of China's basic public service supply level and regional disparities,and also has policy implications for promoting coordinated development between and within regions.