河南省规模奶牛场结核病感染情况调查

Investigation on Tuberculosis Infection in Dairy Farms in Henan Province

为了解河南省奶牛结核病感染情况,2018年以全省规模奶牛场为研究对象,采用估计流行率的抽样策略,开展奶牛结核病检测,并对检测结果进行空间和群间分布分析。全年共对152个监测场点的12417头活牛进行牛型结核菌素皮内变态反应试验。结果显示:全省规模奶牛场结核病场群阳性率为8.55%,个体阳性率为1.36%;豫西地区奶牛结核病个体阳性率最高,达8.91%,豫南地区无阳性活牛检出,其他地区个体阳性率介于0.05%~0.21%之间;存栏量≤100头的规模奶牛场个体阳性率最高,存栏量>2000头的规模奶牛场无阳性检出。结果表明,河南省规模奶牛场存在一定程度的牛结核病感染,豫西地区奶牛场和小规模奶牛场流行情况尤为严重,因此需针对不同区域和不同规模场群,制定相应的防控、净化措施。本研究掌握了河南省奶牛结核病的流行情况和分布特点,对于河南省奶牛结核病净化以及保障公共卫生安全具有重要意义。

In order to recognize the current infection of bovine tuberculosis in Henan Province,taking the large-scale dairy farms across the province as research objects,the sampling strategy of estimated prevalence rate was adopted to carry out tuberculosis detection in 2018,and the test results were analyzed based on spatial and inter-group distribution.A total of 12 417 live cows in 152 designated premises were sampled for intradermal allergy test of bovine tuberculin,and it was found that the positive rate of tuberculosis at the farm(herd)level was 8.55%and the rate at the individual level was 1.36%;in Western Henan,the individual positive rate was highest(8.91%),no any positive cows were detected in Southern Henan,and the individual positive rate ranged from 0.05%to 0.21%in other areas.The individual positive rate in farms with 100 cows or less was the highest,while no any positive case was detected in the farms with more than 2 000 cows.As a result,there was tuberculosis infection to some extent in large-scale farms in Henan Province,especially,the infection in Western Henan was more serious.Therefore,corresponding measures for preventing,controlling and purifying the disease should be developed according to the actual situation.In conclusion,the prevalence and distribution characteristics of bovine tuberculosis in Henan Province were studied in the paper,which was of great significance for purifying the disease and safeguarding public health and safety.