傣族仪式祝词及其程式

The congratulatory speech of Dai ethnic group and its Formula

傣族民间有丰富多彩的仪式活动及其相关的诗歌,仪式祝词就是典型的口头传统。然而,长期以来仪式祝词并没有像叙事诗、史诗那样受到足够的重视,至今较少有人进行深入的研究和探讨。从“口头程式理论”角度来考察仪式祝词的内容和特点,有助于发现傣族诗歌中的“程式”,并理解历代歌手和诗人应用这些“大词”创作长篇叙事诗、史诗的过程。将傣族口头传统与新近理论进行有机的结合,从而推进傣族诗歌的研究。

Dai ethnic group have created rich oral tradition during different activities;one of them is the congratulatory speech. For a long time, the congratulation speech doesn't get as much attention as epics and other narrative poetries. So far, few scholars have conducted depth research on it. It is necessary to analyze the lines and characteristics of congratulation speech from the perspective of Oral Formula Theory so that we can discover the Formula, Theme or Typical Scene, and Story Patten of Dai oral tradition. This is helpful for us to understand the process of Epic composing. Generations of Dai priests, singers, and folk bards sing the ballad, epics almost based on these Big Words. This paper combines the latest theory with the oral tradition of the Dai ethnic group, so as to promote the study of the Dai literature.